According to CIR (CommunicationsIndustryResearchers) latest report, "2015 Active Optical Cable Market: data centers and high-performance computing market," in 2020 for the data center of the active optical cable (AOC) market will reach $ 4.2 billion.

Optical module types include 1 × 9, SFF, SFP, GBIC, XENPAK, XFP, SFP+ and 10G optical modules above.

Optical interface is connected to the fiber optic cable physical interface. Usually SC, ST, LC, FC and other types. For 10Base-F connections, usually ST type connectors, and the other end connected to the optical fiber FC step bobbin. FC (Ferrule Connector), to strengthen its external way is to use a metal sleeve, fastening means for the turnbuckle. ST interface is typically used for 10Base-F, SC interfaces typically used to 100Base-FX and GBIC, LC typically used for SFP.

Fiber optic connectors are plugs at both ends by an optical fiber and fiber composition, plug by locking pin and peripheral structures. Depending on the locking mechanism, fiber optic connectors can be divided into FC type, SC type, LC type, ST type and KTRJ type.

Gigabit optical interface can operate in two modes enforcement and auto-negotiation. 802.3 specification only supports gigabit optical port rate 1000M to support full-duplex and half-duplex duplex mode.

With the Internet, high-speed IP data traffic growth, resulting in demand for transmission bandwidth is increasing. Though DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing) technology as the most effective way to solve the line bandwidth expansion, but CWDM (coarse wavelength division multiplexing) technology over DWDM system has advantages in cost and maintainability.

Communication with the fiber from the outer cover of plastic protective layer composed of glass as thin as a hair. Glass substantially consists of two parts: the core diameter of 9 to 62.5μm, the cover having a diameter of 125μm low refractive index of a glass material. Although according to the materials used and the dimensions of different points there are other types of fiber, but mentioned here are the most common that several. Light in the core portion of the fiber to the "total internal reflection" mode for transmission, but also refers to an end after the light enters the fiber, at the interface between the core and the cladding reflected back and forth, and then transferred to the other end of the fiber. Core diameter of 62.5μm, cladding outer diameter of 125μm fiber called 62.5/125μm light.

Fiber is the transmission of light wave conductors. Optical fiber from the optical transmission mode can be divided into single-mode fiber and multimode fiber.

SFP+ Direct Attach Copper Cable is a copper interconnect using a passive twin-ax cable assembly that connects directly into an SFP+ housing. It has a range of 10 meters and like 10GBASE-CX4, is low power, low cost and low latency with the added advantage of having the small form factor of SFP+, and smaller, more flexible cabling.